Four times the speed, still 19.47 degrees — where water depth blows the Kelvin wedge open to 90
·8 min read
The Kelvin half-angle in deep water stays at 19.47° even if speed quadruples. A shallow bottom opens it toward 90° once the depth Froude number reaches 1.
The Weight Sits on Top and She Still Rights Herself — Metacentric Height and the Free Surface Effect
·8 min read
Capsizing is not decided by whether the centre of gravity sits above the buoyancy centre. The second moment of the waterplane, through GM, decides it.
[Paper Review] Split Newton in Two and Free-Surface Becomes Solvable — Casulli–Zanolli (2012)
·7 min read
Day 1 of a 41-cell well has 39 pressurized cells and zero dry cells. By day 10 that is 0 and 12, and the outer Newton count drops from 5 to 1.