Where the Ideal Gas Starts to Lie — Compressibility Factor Z and the van der Waals Equation
·6 min read
Real gases through the compressibility factor, corresponding states, and the van der Waals loop
Above Mach 1, You Must Widen to Speed Up — The Laval Nozzle Paradox
·5 min read
When flow crosses sound speed, nozzles and diffusers swap jobs. We trace that one-line identity.